In 1964, Pakistan purchased its first submarine, PNS Ghazi, from the United States. Between December 1969 and August 1970, the Pakistan Navy acquired the Daphne-class submarines from France. After losing the PNS Ghazi in the 1971 war with India, the Pakistan Navy purchased a second-hand Daphne-class vessel from Portugal in 1975. In 1978, the Pakistan Navy acquired two Agosta-70-class submarines that were originally intended for the South African Navy. In 1994, Pakistan procured three Agosta-90B boats from France’s Naval Group SA. In the early 2000s, the Pakistan Navy considered an additional purchase from DCNS, but abandoned it due to budgetary constraints.
In 1988, Pakistan purchased the first of their three Cosmo-class MG110 miniature submarines from Italy. These vessels were intended to replace the SX404 mini-submarines that the Pakistan Navy deployed in the 1971 war against India. The Cosmo-class mini submarines are equipped for mine laying, coastal defense, and special forces operation.
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